Solar geoengineering: Dimming the sun to fight “global warming”

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www.newyorker.com/news/annals-of-a-warming-planet/dimming-the-sun-to-cool-the-planet-is-a-desperate-idea-yet-were-inching-toward-it

Herndon, J. M., Hoisington, R. D., & Whiteside, M. (2020). Chemtrails are Not Contrails: Radiometric Evidence. Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International.

“Conclusions: the public and the scientific community have been systematically deceived into falsely believing that the pervasive, jet-sprayed ‘chemtrails’ are harmless ice-crystal contrails. we have presented radiometric measurements which unambiguously prove the falsity of that characterization for one specific, but typical instance. we show in a more general framework that the physical manifestations of the aerial trails are inconsistent with ice-crystal contrails, but entirely consistent with aerosol particulate trails.”

dimming the sun
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Further References

Herndon, J. M., Hoisington, R. D., & Whiteside, M.. (2020). Chemtrails are Not Contrails: Radiometric Evidence. Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International

Plain numerical DOI: 10.9734/jgeesi/2020/v24i230199
DOI URL
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Shearer, C., West, M., Caldeira, K., & Davis, S. J.. (2016). Quantifying expert consensus against the existence of a secret, large-scale atmospheric spraying program. Environmental Research Letters, 11(8), 084011.

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/11/8/084011
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Xiao, S., Cheshire, C., & Bruckman, A.. (2021). Sensemaking and the Chemtrail Conspiracy on the Internet: Insights from Believers and Ex-believers. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1145/3479598
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Tingley, D., & Wagner, G.. (2017). Solar geoengineering and the chemtrails conspiracy on social media. Palgrave Communications

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1057/s41599-017-0014-3
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Bessi, A., Coletto, M., Davidescu, G. A., Scala, A., Caldarelli, G., & Quattrociocchi, W.. (2015). Science vs conspiracy: Collective narratives in the age of misinformation. PLoS ONE

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118093
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Cairns, R.. (2016). Climates of suspicion: “Chemtrail” conspiracy narratives and the international politics of geoengineering. Geographical Journal

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1111/geoj.12116
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Bantimaroudis, P.. (2016). “Chemtrails” in the Sky: Toward a Group-mediated Delusion Theory. Studies in Media and Communication

Plain numerical DOI: 10.11114/smc.v4i2.1719
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Llanes Álvarez, C., San Roman Uría, A., Nunes Nancabu, P., Ruiz Gippini, M., López Landeiro, P., & Franco Martín, M. Á.. (2016). Chemtrails: An Overview of The Phenomenon. European Psychiatry

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1635
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Bantimaroudis, P., Sideri, M., Ballas, D., Panagiotidis, T., & Ziogas, T.. (2020). Conspiracism on social media: An agenda melding of group-mediated deceptions. International Journal of Media and Cultural Politics

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1386/macp_00020_1
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Detoxification

Silymarin
Quercetin
Astaxanthin
Melatonin
Spirulina

Silymarin

Kiruthiga, P. V., Shafreen, R. B., Pandian, S. K., & Devi, K. P.. (2007). Silymarin Protection against Major Reactive Oxygen Species Released by Environmental Toxins: Exogenous H 2 O 2 Exposure in Erythrocytes. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, 100(6), 414–419.

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00069.x
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Kiruthiga, P., Karthikeyan, K., Archunan, G., Pandian, S. K., & Devi, K. P.. (2015). Silymarin prevents benzo(a)pyrene-induced toxicity in Wistar rats by modulating xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. Toxicology and Industrial Health

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1177/0748233713475524
DOI URL
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Elyasi, S.. (2021). Silybum marianum, antioxidant activity, and cancer patients. In Cancer

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819547-5.00043-2
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Kwon, D., Jun, D., & Kim, Y.. (2014). A novel mechanism involved in the enhancement of glutathione synthesis in liver by silymarin and its pharmacological significance. Planta Medica

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1394493
DOI URL
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Quercetin

Zhao, Y., Tang, Y., & Sang, S.. (2021). Dietary Quercetin Reduces Plasma and Tissue Methylglyoxal and Advanced Glycation End Products in Healthy Mice Treated with Methylglyoxal. Journal of Nutrition

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab176
DOI URL
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Kim, M., Jee, S. C., Kim, K. S., Kim, H. S., Yu, K. N., & Sung, J. S.. (2021). Quercetin and isorhamnetin attenuate benzo[a]pyrene-induced toxicity by modulating detoxification enzymes through the ahr and nrf2 signaling pathways. Antioxidants

Plain numerical DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050787
DOI URL
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Bagheri, A., Ebrahimpour, S., Nourbakhsh, N., Talebi, S., & Esmaeili, A.. (2021). Protective effect of quercetin on alteration of antioxidant genes expression and histological changes in the dental pulp of the streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Archives of Oral Biology

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105088
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Ibrahim, K. A., Eleyan, M., Khwanes, S. A., Mohamed, R. A., & Abd El-Rahman, H. A.. (2021). Quercetin ameliorates the hepatic apoptosis of foetal rats induced by in utero exposure to fenitrothion via the transcriptional regulation of paraoxonase-1 and apoptosis-related genes. Biomarkers

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1080/1354750X.2021.1875505
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Cui, B., Huang, X., Li, S., Hao, K., Chang, B. H., Tu, X., … Zhang, Z.. (2019). Quercetin Affects the Growth and Development of the Grasshopper Oedaleus asiaticus (Orthoptera: Acrididae). Journal of Economic Entomology

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz050
DOI URL
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Gao, Y., Fang, L., Wang, X., Lan, R., Wang, M., Du, G., … Zhao, H.. (2019). Antioxidant activity evaluation of dietary flavonoid hyperoside using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model. Molecules

Plain numerical DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040788
DOI URL
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Astaxanthin

Hoshi, H., Monoe, F., Ohsawa, I., Ohta, S., & Miyamoto, T.. (2020). Astaxanthin improves osteopenia caused by aldehyde-stress resulting from Aldh2 mutation due to impaired osteoblastogenesis. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.013
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Kavitha, K., Thiyagarajan, P., Rathna, J., Mishra, R., & Nagini, S.. (2013). Chemopreventive effects of diverse dietary phytochemicals against DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis via the induction of Nrf2-mediated cytoprotective antioxidant, detoxification, and DNA repair enzymes. Biochimie

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.05.004
DOI URL
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Gradelet, S., Astorg, P., Bon, A. M. Le, Bergès, R., & Suschetet, M.. (1997). Modulation of aflatoxin B1 carcinogenicity, genotoxicity and metabolism in rat liver by dietary carotenoids: Evidence for a protective effect of CYP1A inducers. In Cancer Letters

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3835(97)04668-5
DOI URL
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P., P., M.C., M., A., C., & M., M.. (2011). Potential interactions of carotenoids with other bioactive food components in the prevention of chronic diseases. Current Bioactive Compounds

Melatonin

He, J., Zhuang, X., Zhou, J., Sun, L., Wan, H., Li, H., & Lyu, D.. (2020). Exogenous melatonin alleviates cadmium uptake and toxicity in apple rootstocks. Tree Physiology

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1093/TREEPHYS/TPAA024
DOI URL
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Tordjman, S., Chokron, S., Delorme, R., Charrier, A., Bellissant, E., Jaafari, N., & Fougerou, C.. (2017). Melatonin: Pharmacology, Functions and Therapeutic Benefits. Current Neuropharmacology

Plain numerical DOI: 10.2174/1570159×14666161228122115
DOI URL
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Samanta, S.. (2020). Physiological and pharmacological perspectives of melatonin. Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1770799
DOI URL
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Luchetti, F., Canonico, B., Betti, M., Arcangeletti, M., Pilolli, F., Piroddi, M., … Galli, F.. (2010). Melatonin signaling and cell protection function. FASEB Journal

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1096/fj.10-154450
DOI URL
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Li, M. Q., Hasan, M. K., Li, C. X., Ahammed, G. J., Xia, X. J., Shi, K., … Zhou, J.. (2016). Melatonin mediates selenium-induced tolerance to cadmium stress in tomato plants. Journal of Pineal Research

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12346
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Reiter, R. J., Mayo, J. C., Tan, D. X., Sainz, R. M., Alatorre-Jimenez, M., & Qin, L.. (2016). Melatonin as an antioxidant: under promises but over delivers. Journal of Pineal Research

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12360
DOI URL
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Reiter, R. J., Tan, D. X., & Galano, A.. (2014). Melatonin: Exceeding expectations. Physiology

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00011.2014
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Spirulina

Dasgupta, T., Banerjee, S., Yadav, P. K., & Rao, A. R.. (2001). Chemomodulation of carcinogen metabolising enzymes, antioxidant profiles and skin and forestomach papillomagenesis by Spirulina platensis. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1023/A:1012721332221
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Premkumar, K., Pachiappan, A., Abraham, S. K., Santhiya, S. T., Gopinath, P. M., & Ramesh, A.. (2001). Effect of Spirulina fusiformis on cyclophosphamide and mitomycin-C induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in mice. Fitoterapia

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1016/S0367-326X(01)00340-9
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Yener, N. A., Sinanoglu, O., Ilter, E., Celik, A., Sezgin, G., Midi, A., … Aksungar, F.. (2013). Effects of spirulina on cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian toxicity in rats: Biochemical and histomorphometric evaluation of the ovary. Biochemistry Research International

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1155/2013/764262
DOI URL
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Yigit, F., Gurel-Gurevin, E., Isbilen-Basok, B., Esener, O. B. B., Bilal, T., Keser, O., … Ikitimur-Armutak, E. I.. (2016). Protective effect of Spirulina platensis against cell damage and apoptosis in hepatic tissue caused by high fat diet. Biotechnic and Histochemistry

Plain numerical DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2015.1114142
DOI URL
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McCarty, M. F., & Lerner, A.. (2020). Nutraceuticals targeting generation and oxidant activity of peroxynitrite may aid prevention and control of parkinson’s disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Plain numerical DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103624
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Ebrahim, R. M.. (2020). Prophylactic effect of Spirulina platensis on radiation-induced thyroid disorders and alteration of reproductive hormones in female albino rats. International Journal of Radiation Research

Plain numerical DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.ijrr.18.1.83
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